Output Power and Frequency: Power ratings typically range from a few kilowatts to several megawatts, with the frequency selected to match the workpiece dimensions and material properties. For instance, melting one tonne of steel requires a medium-frequency power supply with an output of approximately 600–800 kW at a frequency of 500–2,500 Hz, whereas hardening small precision parts might require only 10–50 kW from a high-frequency power supply.
Efficiency and Energy Consumption: Modern induction furnace power supplies generally achieve a load efficiency of ≥90%, with no-load losses of ≤5%. High-efficiency power supplies can significantly reduce long-term operating costs; for instance, a 5% increase in efficiency for a 1,000 kW unit could save approximately 400,000 RMB annually in electricity costs (based on a rate of 0.6 RMB/kWh and 8,000 operating hours per year).
Control Precision and Stability: Temperature control precision must reach ±1–5°C, with temperature uniformity maintained within ±5°C to ensure processing quality. For example, in the melting of semiconductor materials, temperature fluctuations exceeding ±3°C can lead to crystal lattice defects; therefore, closed-loop control and multi-zone temperature monitoring technologies are required.
Protection Functions: These include protections against over-temperature, over-current, and water flow failure. For instance, the system should automatically shut down to prevent equipment damage if the cooling water flow rate drops below 15 L/min or the temperature exceeds 1,650°C.